You can't buy Bitcoin in most 401k plans — but you can roll your 401k into a Bitcoin IRA tax-free. This step-by-step guide covers direct vs. indirect rollovers, which IRA providers accept Bitcoin, the Roth conversion math, and the mistakes that trigger unexpected taxes.
Choosing a Bitcoin IRA comes down to one question: do you want crypto diversification or Bitcoin-only purity? iTrustCapital and Alto give you access to dozens of cryptocurrencies alongside Bitcoin. Swan Bitcoin IRA is Bitcoin-only — not as a limitation, but as a philosophy. All three are legitimate, regulated platforms with real customers. Here is how they actually compare.
At a Glance
| Feature | iTrustCapital | Alto Crypto IRA | Swan Bitcoin IRA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bitcoin-only | No (30+ assets) | No (200+ assets) | Yes |
| Account types | Traditional, Roth, SEP IRA | Traditional, Roth, SEP IRA | Traditional, Roth IRA |
| Monthly fee | $0 | $10/month (Alto IRA) | $0 (no monthly fee) |
| Trading fee | 1% per trade | 1% per trade | 1.5% buy, lower at scale |
| Minimum to open | $1,000 | $10 | $1,000 |
| Custody | Coinbase Custody (Bitcoin) | Coinbase Custody | Unchained (multisig) |
| Self-directed | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| US-only | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Cold storage | Institutional | Institutional | Multisig cold storage |
| Bitcoin proof of reserves | No | No | Yes (Unchained) |
iTrustCapital
iTrustCapital (/ira/itrustcapital) is the largest and most visible Bitcoin IRA platform. It has processed billions in transactions and markets aggressively with partnerships, sponsorships, and a recognizable brand.
How It Works
iTrustCapital is a self-directed IRA platform integrated with Coinbase Custody and Fireblocks for asset storage. You open a Traditional, Roth, or SEP IRA through iTrustCapital, fund it, and buy crypto assets directly through their platform.
Assets available: Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Chainlink, Cardano, Solana, and 30+ other cryptocurrencies. Also offers gold and silver.
Fees
- No monthly account fee
- 1% fee on every buy and sell transaction
- No annual fee
For a Roth IRA with $50,000 in Bitcoin where you DCA monthly:
- $500/month × 1% = $5/month in fees = $60/year
- If you trade actively, costs scale quickly
What iTrustCapital Does Well
iTrustCapital's platform is genuinely polished and easy to use. The onboarding is straightforward, the interface is clean, and the customer support is accessible. For someone who wants to hold Bitcoin alongside other crypto assets in an IRA without dealing with a traditional SDIRA custodian's paperwork burden, iTrustCapital delivers.
The gold and silver option is a differentiator for people who want a broader hard-asset IRA.
iTrustCapital Limitations
The 200+ asset selection includes a lot of speculative altcoins. For Bitcoin-focused investors, the platform's positioning as a "crypto IRA" rather than a "Bitcoin IRA" is a philosophical mismatch.
Custody is through Coinbase — a legitimate institutional custodian, but fully centralized. You have no key control.
Alto Crypto IRA
Alto Crypto IRA (/ira/alto-crypto-ira) is part of the Alto platform, which has historically focused on alternative investments (private equity, venture, real estate) in IRAs. The crypto IRA is their crypto-specific offering.
How It Works
Alto Crypto IRA connects to Coinbase's institutional infrastructure to offer cryptocurrency trading within an IRA wrapper. You open an Alto IRA account, fund it, and trade crypto through the platform.
Assets available: 200+ cryptocurrencies via Coinbase integration.
Fees
- $10/month account fee (Alto IRA)
- 1% per crypto trade
- No minimum trade size
The $10/month fee ($120/year) is the key differentiator vs. iTrustCapital. For smaller accounts under $12,000, the fixed fee represents more than 1% of assets annually — meaningful drag. For larger accounts, it becomes negligible.
What Alto Does Well
Alto's biggest advantage is the $10 minimum to open an account. You can start a Bitcoin Roth IRA with as little as $10 — important for young investors just beginning. The platform also integrates with Alto's broader alternative investment marketplace if you want to hold private equity or VC deals alongside crypto in one IRA.
Alto Limitations
The $10/month fee erodes returns for smaller accounts. The 200+ asset selection includes every altcoin imaginable — not a problem if you have discipline, but a distraction if you want to stay Bitcoin-focused. Like iTrustCapital, custody is fully centralized through Coinbase.
Swan Bitcoin IRA
Swan Bitcoin IRA (/ira/swan-ira) is built by Swan Bitcoin, one of the most Bitcoin-native financial services companies in the US. Swan started as a Bitcoin DCA platform and built the IRA product as an extension of their Bitcoin-only philosophy.
How It Works
Swan Bitcoin IRA partners with Unchained for custody — using their collaborative multisig structure. Your Bitcoin is held in a 2-of-3 multisig vault where you hold keys. This is fundamentally different from iTrustCapital and Alto.
Fees
- No monthly fee
- 1.5% on purchases (lower for large institutional accounts)
- No transaction fees on DCA buys for qualifying accounts
On the surface, 1.5% looks higher than iTrustCapital's 1%. But for DCA-focused investors who buy regularly and never sell within the IRA, Swan's fee structure becomes competitive — especially because there are no monthly fees.
The Unchained Multisig Advantage
This is Swan's most important differentiator. Rather than Coinbase holding all your Bitcoin, Unchained holds it in a 2-of-3 multisig:
- Key 1: You (held on a hardware wallet)
- Key 2: Unchained
- Key 3: A third-party key agent
You can verify your Bitcoin on-chain. You can see the exact UTXOs. You cannot unilaterally move the Bitcoin (that would violate IRS IRA rules — you cannot take possession of IRA assets), but you have visibility and key co-ownership that no other major Bitcoin IRA platform offers.
If Swan or Unchained went bankrupt tomorrow, you could recover your Bitcoin through the multisig structure. This is not true of iTrustCapital or Alto.
What Swan Does Well
- Bitcoin-only: no altcoin temptation, simplified interface
- Unchained multisig custody: most transparent and secure IRA custody available
- Swan's reputation: founded by Bitcoin-native team with strong community credibility
- DCA-first design: built for regular buyers, not traders
- Proof of reserves through Unchained's infrastructure
Swan Limitations
- Bitcoin-only: if you want Ethereum or other assets in your IRA, Swan is not the platform
- 1.5% buy fee is higher than iTrustCapital/Alto on paper
- Less polished app compared to iTrustCapital's more consumer-facing interface
- Newer platform with less track record than iTrustCapital
Head-to-Head: The Key Decisions
Bitcoin-Only vs. Multi-Crypto
If you want a Bitcoin-only IRA: Swan wins clearly.
If you want to hold Ethereum, Solana, or other assets alongside Bitcoin in your IRA: iTrustCapital or Alto.
For committed Bitcoin HODLers, the Bitcoin-only design of Swan is a feature. Your IRA cannot drift into altcoins. Your statement is simple. Your thesis is clear.
Custody and Security
Swan wins decisively. The Unchained multisig custody model is categorically more secure than Coinbase custodial holdings at iTrustCapital and Alto. You hold keys. You can verify your Bitcoin on-chain. The counterparty risk is distributed across three parties.
For anyone holding over $100,000 in a Bitcoin IRA, the custody difference alone justifies Swan's slightly higher fees.
Fees for Regular DCA Investors
Let's model a $500/month DCA investor over 5 years ($30,000 total contributions):
iTrustCapital:
- 1% on $30,000 in buys = $300 in trading fees
- No monthly fee
- Total: ~$300 in fees
Alto:
- 1% on $30,000 in buys = $300 in trading fees
- $10/month × 60 months = $600 in account fees
- Total: ~$900 in fees
Swan:
- 1.5% on $30,000 in buys = $450 in trading fees
- No monthly fee
- Total: ~$450 in fees
For this profile, iTrustCapital has the lowest total fee. Swan is close. Alto is the most expensive.
For larger accounts where DCA amounts are higher (say $2,000/month), the fee percentages dominate and the monthly fee matters less — iTrustCapital and Swan become comparable, with Swan winning on custody quality.
Beginner Friendliness
Alto wins for very small accounts (starts at $10). iTrustCapital for clean UX and brand recognition. Swan requires a $1,000 minimum and is slightly more complex.
Long-Term Security of Holdings
Swan wins — the multisig structure is the only Bitcoin IRA custody model that survives a custodian bankruptcy with your Bitcoin intact.
Other Bitcoin IRA Options Worth Knowing
The Bitcoin IRA landscape is larger than these three platforms:
- BitcoinIRA — one of the oldest providers, uses BitGo for custody, higher fees
- Unchained IRA — Unchained's own IRA product, same multisig custody as Swan but directly through Unchained
- Onramp Bitcoin IRA — newer institutional-grade Bitcoin IRA
- Fidelity Crypto IRA — Fidelity's Bitcoin IRA offering for customers already on Fidelity's platform
- Swan Bitcoin IRA via Kingdom Trust/Choice — Kingdom Trust serves as the IRA custodian in Swan's structure
For a full comparison of all providers, see our guide: Best Bitcoin IRA Companies 2026.
FAQ
Are Bitcoin IRAs safe?
Bitcoin IRAs carry the same market risk as holding Bitcoin (price volatility) plus custody risk (the platform could fail). Choose providers with reputable custody partners and, when possible, multisig structures. All three platforms reviewed here are regulated and legitimate.
Which Bitcoin IRA has the lowest fees?
For small DCA amounts, iTrustCapital (1%, no monthly fee) has the lowest total cost. For large accounts where Bitcoin-only and custody quality matter more, Swan's fee premium is justified.
Can I transfer my existing IRA to a Bitcoin IRA?
Yes. All three platforms support IRA rollovers and transfers from existing IRAs. A direct IRA transfer (custodian-to-custodian) is not a taxable event. Rollovers (where you receive the funds) must be completed within 60 days to avoid taxes and penalties.
What is the contribution limit for a Bitcoin Roth IRA in 2026?
The 2026 Roth IRA contribution limit is $7,000 per year ($8,000 if you are 50 or older). The same limit applies regardless of which platform you use. Income limits also apply for Roth IRA contributions — consult IRS Publication 590-A for current income phase-out thresholds.
Do I owe taxes when I trade Bitcoin within my IRA?
No. Trading within a tax-advantaged IRA (Traditional or Roth) does not trigger capital gains tax. This is one of the primary benefits of a Bitcoin IRA — you can DCA in, hold through cycles, and never owe capital gains tax on the appreciation within the account.
The Verdict
Get Swan Bitcoin IRA if you are a committed Bitcoin-only investor who cares about custody quality and wants the most secure structure available. The Unchained multisig model is worth the slightly higher buy fee.
Get iTrustCapital if you want the lowest-cost option, want to hold other crypto assets alongside Bitcoin, or prefer a more consumer-friendly interface.
Get Alto if you are starting with very small amounts ($10–$1,000 range) or want to combine crypto with private equity and other alternatives in one IRA account.
For any long-term Bitcoin holder focused purely on retirement savings in Bitcoin, Swan is the most aligned choice — the custody structure, the philosophy, and the Bitcoin-only design all point in the same direction.
Browse all Bitcoin IRA providers in our directory · See also: Best Bitcoin IRA Companies 2026 · Bitcoin Tax Guide 2026